MPLS notes
32 bit header per label
- 20 bit - label
- 3 bit - exp (for QoS)
- 1 bit (bottom of stack), the label that is closest to IP header will be marked as 1. others are 0 (multi-layered mpls)
- 8 bit TTL
A label per FEC (Forward equivalent classes, how FEC is determined may be different from vendors)
label distribution
- LDP
- RSVP-TE
- BGP-MP
label 3 - implicit-null, indicates PHP
label 0 - explicit-null
Loop prevention
- based on IGP,
- TTL (discard on expiring)
- copy IP TTL to MPLS TTL on ingress, and copy back on egress (will expose intermediate routers)
- do not copy, hard set label TTL as 255